Artboards in Illustrator

According to Adobe's "Illustrator CS4 Classroom in A Book," "artboards represent the regions that can contain printable artwork. Artboards can be used to crop certain areas for either printing or placement purposes. Multiple artboards come in handy when creating a variety of things, such as printed pages with different sizes, etc."

Artboards include: 1. Printable Area; 2. Nonprintable Area; 3. Edge of the Page; 4. Artboard; 5. Bleed Area; and 6. Canvas.

1. Printable Area- The printable area is bounded by the innermost dotted lines and represents the part of the page on which the selected printer can print. Many printers cannot print to the edge of the paper.
2. Nonprintable Area- This area is between the two sets of dotted lines and represents any nonprintable margin of the page. The printable and nonprintable areas is determined by the printer and selected in the Print Options dialog box.
3. Edge of the Page- This is indicated by the outermost set of dotted lines.
4. Artboard- This is bounded by solid lines and represents the entire region that can contain printable artwork. By default, the artboard is the same size as the page, but it can be enlarged or reduced. The U.S. default artboard is 8.5" x 11", but it can be set as large as 227" x 227".
5. Bleed Area- Bleed is the amount of artwork that falls outside of the printing bounding box or outside the crop area and trim marks.
6. and Canvas- This is the area outside the artboard that extends to the edge of the 227" square window. Objects placed on the canvas are visible on the screen, but they do not print.

Dreamweaver and External Style Sheets

There are several different types of web design software available on the market today. One of these types is Adobe Dreamweaver. With Dreamweaver, designers can create multi-functional web sites using html, cold fusion, xhtml, css, etc.
When designing a website in Dreamweaver, it is always a good idea to design your html in one document and attach an external style sheet to each page to style the content.
Using an external style sheet is beneficial to designers and others viewing the code because it not only keeps css separate from the html code providing easy readability and makes the code neat, so it can be edited easily, but also when you need to make a change in the code after it has already been attached to the html page, you can just add the code into the css and save it and it automatically updates all of the html pages that the external style sheet is attached to, which saves designers a lot of time and frustration. Had a designer needed to make changes to the CSS without the use of an external style sheet, they would have had to edit each page separately eating up a lot of time that could have been saved to work on other projects.
There are other benefits of using external style sheets as well, but these are just a couple of the main benefits.

Copyright Law

When touching on the issue of copyright, there are a few things one must keep in mind:

• First off, according to copyright.gov, copyright protects original works of authorship, including literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works such as poetry, novels, movies, songs, architecture, and computer software.
• However, copyright does not protect, facts, ideas, systems, or methods of operation; although it might protect the way these things are expressed.
• Also, according to copyright.gov, copyright can be defined as a form of protection grounded in the U.S. Constitution and granted by law for original works of authorship fixed in a tangible medium of expression, and covers both published and unpublished works.
• Work becomes protected under copyright the moment it becomes created and fixed in a tangible form, that is perceptible either directly or with the aid of a machine or device.
• The Web site goes on to say that copyright protects original works of authorship, while a patent protects invention or discoveries. A trademark protects words, phrases, symbols, or designs by identifying the source of the goods or services of one party and distinguishing them from those of others.
• Registration is voluntary. You are required to register, however, if you wish to bring a lawsuit for infringement of a U.S. work.
• There are a number of reasons why registration is recommended. Many people register their works because they want to have the facts of their copyright on the public record and have a certificate of their registration. Works that are registered, may be eligible for statutory damages and attorney's fees in successful litigation. If registration occurs within 5 years, it is considered prima facie evidence in a court of law.
• "Poor man's copyright." This is the practice of sending a copy of your own work to yourself. However, there is no provision in the copyright law regarding this type of protection, and it is not a substitute for registration.
• Copyright privileges in other countries. The U.S. has copyright relations with most of the other countries in the world and as a result of the agreements, they honor each other's citizens copyrights. However, the U.S. does not have copyright agreements with every country, so you need to check beforehand if the country has an agreement with the U.S.

These are just a few tips that copyright.gov highlights about copyright to help get you started with the process of copyrighting your work. However, copyright law is extremely complex so you will want to look further into it than this if trying to gain a copyright for your artwork.